Race and gender differences in the association of dieting and gains in BMI among young adults

Citation

Field, A.; E; Aneja, P.; Austin, S.; B; Shrier, L.; A; deMoor, C.; & Gordon-Larsen, P. (2007). Race and gender differences in the association of dieting and gains in BMI among young adults. Obesity. vol. 15 (2) pp. 456-464

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between dieting and subsequent weight change and whether the association varies by gender or race/ethnicity. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Male (n = 4100) and female (n = 4302) participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health who provided information on weight and height at baseline and two follow-up assessments and were not missing information on weight control strategies or race were studied. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess whether dieting to lose or maintain weight at Wave I or II predicted BMI (kg/m(2)) change between adolescence and young adulthood (Wave II to III). Analyses were stratified by gender and took sampling weights and clustering into account. RESULTS: At Wave I, the mean age of the participants was 14.9 years. Approximately 29.3% of female participants and 9.8% of male participants reported dieting in Wave I or II. Fewer African Americans than whites (6.2% vs. 10.0% and 25.5% vs. 31.2%, p = 0.007 and p = 0.02, among males and females, respectively) reported dieting. Between Waves II and III, participants gained on average 3.3 kg/m(2). Independent of BMI gain during adolescence (Waves I to II), female participants who dieted to lose or maintain weight during adolescence made larger gains in BMI during the 5 years between Waves II and III (mean additional gain, 0.39 kg/m(2); 95% confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.71) than their nondieting peers. The association was not significant among the male participants. The association was largest among African-American female participants. DISCUSSION: The results suggest that not only is dieting to lose weight ineffective, it is actually associated with greater weight gain, particularly among female adolescents. Female African-American dieters made the largest BMI gains.

URL

https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.560

Keyword(s)

Weight

Reference Type

Journal Article

Journal Title

Obesity

Author(s)

Field, A.
E
Aneja, P.
Austin, S.
B
Shrier, L.
A
deMoor, C.
Gordon-Larsen, P.

Year Published

2007

Volume Number

15

Issue Number

2

Pages

456-464

DOI

10.1038/oby.2007.560

Reference ID

8544