Latent Class Analysis With Distal Outcomes: A Flexible Model-Based Approach

Citation

Lanza, Stephanie T.; Tan, Xianming; & Bray, Bethany C. (2013). Latent Class Analysis With Distal Outcomes: A Flexible Model-Based Approach. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal. vol. 20 (1) pp. 1-26

Abstract

Although prediction of class membership from observed variables in latent class analysis is well understood, predicting an observed distal outcome from latent class membership is more complicated. A flexible model-based approach is proposed to empirically derive and summarize the class-dependent density functions of distal outcomes with categorical, continuous, or count distributions. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to compare the performance of the new technique to 2 commonly used classify-analyze techniques: maximum-probability assignment and multiple pseudoclass draws. Simulation results show that the model-based approach produces substantially less biased estimates of the effect compared to either classify-analyze technique, particularly when the association between the latent class variable and the distal outcome is strong. In addition, we show that only the model-based approach is consistent. The approach is demonstrated empirically: latent classes of adolescent depression are used to predict smoking, grades, and delinquency. SAS syntax for implementing this approach using PROC LCA and a corresponding macro are provided.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2013.742377

Reference Type

Journal Article

Journal Title

Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal

Author(s)

Lanza, Stephanie T.
Tan, Xianming
Bray, Bethany C.

Year Published

2013

Volume Number

20

Issue Number

1

Pages

1-26

ISSN/ISBN

1070-5511

DOI

10.1080/10705511.2013.742377

Reference ID

4483