Family structure and young adult health outcomes

Citation

Slade, Alexander N.; Beller, Andrea H.; & Powers, Elizabeth T. (2017). Family structure and young adult health outcomes. Review of Economics of the Household. vol. 15 (1) pp. 175-197

Abstract

Previous research finds adverse effects of nontraditional family structures on cognitive and educational outcomes, but less is known about potential impacts on health. We use the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine two health statuses (self-reported overall health and depression) and one health behavior (smoking), estimating both static logit models of point-in-time health and discrete-time hazard models of health transitions. Overall, we find adverse associations between nontraditional family structures and health statuses and behavior. There are long-lasting associations of family structure with outcomes well into adulthood, not all of which are evident in adolescence. Dynamic estimates often inform but also provide new information not seen in the static model. “Unpacking” the family structure variables by period of childhood provides insight into how the timing of family break-ups affects the life trajectories of health and health behavior. Our findings differ remarkably by gender. Girls’ health appears more sensitive to family structure than boys’. In combination with prior findings in the literature, our findings intriguingly suggest that family break-ups and changes affect boys mostly through cognitive, educational, and emotional channels, while girls are most affected in their health and health behaviors. A major methodological contribution of this study is better measurement of family structure. We find that many adverse associations are masked by cruder measures in typical use.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11150-015-9313-x

Keyword(s)

Family structure Adolescent health Discrete-time hazard models National Longitudinal Study of Adolescence Health (Add Health) Educational attainment Children's health Father involvement Physical health Mental health Gender Preferences Behavior Transitio

Reference Type

Journal Article

Journal Title

Review of Economics of the Household

Author(s)

Slade, Alexander N.
Beller, Andrea H.
Powers, Elizabeth T.

Year Published

2017

Volume Number

15

Issue Number

1

Pages

175-197

Edition

November 6, 2015

ISSN/ISBN

1569-5239

DOI

10.1007/s11150-015-9313-x

Reference ID

6860