Neighborhood contextual factors, alcohol use, and alcohol problems in the United States: Evidence from a nationally representative study of young adults

Citation

Slutske, Wendy S.; Deutsch, Arielle R.; & Piasecki, Thomas M. (2016). Neighborhood contextual factors, alcohol use, and alcohol problems in the United States: Evidence from a nationally representative study of young adults. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. vol. 40 (5) pp. 1010-1019

Abstract

Background There is considerable variation in alcohol use and problems across the United States, suggesting that systematic regional differences might contribute to alcohol involvement. Several neighborhood contextual factors may be important aspects of this “alcohol environment.” Methods Participants were 15,197 young adults (age 18 to 26) from Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative U.S. survey. Measures of past-year alcohol use and problems were obtained via structured in-home interviews. Tract-level neighborhood contextual factors (density of on- and off-premises alcohol outlets, neighborhood disadvantage, rural vs. urban residence) were derived from census indicators and geocoded state-level alcohol outlet licenses. Multivariate logistic regression, ordered logistic regression, or negative binomial regression models, including age, sex, race, and household income as covariates, were fit to examine the relation of the neighborhood contextual factors with alcohol use and problems. Results The most consistent finding across 4 of the 5 measures of alcohol involvement was their association with neighborhood advantage; the active ingredient underlying this effect was primarily the proportion of educated residents in the neighborhood. The densities of alcohol outlets were associated with any alcohol use—they were not associated with binge drinking or alcohol problems, nor could they explain any of the neighborhood advantage effects. The influence of alcohol outlet densities on alcohol involvement did not differ for those above or below the legal age to purchase alcohol. Living in a rural versus an urban neighborhood was associated with a different alcohol use pattern characterized by a lower likelihood of any drinking, but among those who drank, consuming more alcohol per occasion. Conclusions Living in a more advantaged and educated urban neighborhood with greater densities of bars and restaurants is associated with greater alcohol involvement among 18- to 26-year-olds in the United States.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.13033

Keyword(s)

Alcohol Outlets Neighborhood Disadvantage Rural Young Adults Alcohol Use Alcohol Problems Add Health

Reference Type

Journal Article

Journal Title

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

Author(s)

Slutske, Wendy S.
Deutsch, Arielle R.
Piasecki, Thomas M.

Year Published

2016

Volume Number

40

Issue Number

5

Pages

1010-1019

Edition

March 21, 2016

ISSN/ISBN

1530-0277

DOI

10.1111/acer.13033

Reference ID

7998