Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in American Indian and Alaska Native adolescents

Citation

Zamora-Kapoor, Anna; Fyfe-Johnson, Amber; Omidpanah, Adam; Buchwald, Dedra; & Sinclair, Kaimi (2017). Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in American Indian and Alaska Native adolescents. Socierty for Adolescent Health and Medicine. New Orleans, LA: Journal of Adolescent Health.

Abstract

Purpose To examine risk factors for type 2 diabetes in American Indian and Alaska Native adolescents, compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Methods 9,792 adolescent respondents of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a 1994-2008 nationally-representative survey of adolescents and young adults in the United States. After 14 years of follow-up, type 2 diabetes was measured with four indicators: hemoglobin A1c (≥ 6.5%), glucose (> 125 mg/dl), self-reported type 2 diabetes, and self-reported anti-diabetic medication usage. Logistic regressions were used to estimate the relative risks of family history of diabetes, body mass index, diet, sedentary and physical activity habits, and socioeconomic status on type 2 diabetes, adjusting for age and sex, and stratifying by race. Results American Indian and Alaska Natives (12%) and non-Hispanic Blacks (12.5%) were twice as likely to have type 2 diabetes as Hispanics (6.9%), and three to four times as likely as non-Hispanic Whites (3.6). Having a diabetic parent and increasing body mass index were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in all populations. Low parental education was a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in non-Hispanic Whites, but not in other populations. We did not find a statistically significant association between diet, sedentary and physical activity habits, and type 2 diabetes in any population. Conclusions American Indian, Alaska Native, and non-Hispanic Black adolescents are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Reducing body mass index in adolescence is expected to help prevent type 2 diabetes in all populations.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.290

Reference Type

Conference proceeding

Book Title

Socierty for Adolescent Health and Medicine

Author(s)

Zamora-Kapoor, Anna
Fyfe-Johnson, Amber
Omidpanah, Adam
Buchwald, Dedra
Sinclair, Kaimi

Year Published

2017

Volume Number

60

Pages

S54

Publisher

Journal of Adolescent Health

City of Publication

New Orleans, LA

ISSN/ISBN

1054-139X

DOI

10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.290

Reference ID

9265